Auditing standards, internal controls and enterprise risk management.
India’s auditors sell more than audits. With NFRA inspections biting, ICAI’s network rules paused and a three-year cooling-off proposed, independence has become a design problem.
The IASB’s November 2025 examples, SEBI’s assurance glide path and the RBI’s Directions have quietly shifted climate risk from narrative disclosure into audited financial statements.
Emerging-market boards face concentrated ownership and stretched assurance. The 2026 fraud data points to a five-part framework that moves directors from receiving comfort to demanding evidence.